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Generating and Installing an SSL Certificate with Active Directory Certificate Services Print Modified on: Mon, 12 Jun, 2017 at 1:49 PM When you install Embotics® vCommander®, a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificate is installed to the apache-tomcat web server that confirms the identity of the server when your users access the system.
- The default key file name depends on the algorithm, in this case idrsa when using the default RSA algorithm. It could also be, for example, iddsa or idecdsa. Then it asks to enter a passphrase. The passphrase is used for encrypting the key, so that it cannot be used even if someone obtains the private key file.
- If the application uses a key that you create for your instance, follow the instructions provided by your application for installing the private key that the application will use to decrypt tokens from your Azure AD tenant. Add the certificate to the application configuration in Azure AD. To configure token encryption in.
You can use vSphere Certificate Manager to generate Certificate Signing Requests (CSRs). Submit those CSRs to your enterprise CA or to an external certificate authority for signing. You can use the signed certificates with the different supported certificate replacement processes.
- You can use vSphere Certificate Manager to create the CSR.
- If you prefer to create the CSR manually, the certificate that you send to be signed must meet the following requirements.
- Key size: 2048 bits or more
- PEM format. VMware supports PKCS8 and PKCS1 (RSA keys). When keys are added to VECS, they are converted to PKCS8.
- x509 version 3
- If you are using custom certificates, the CA extension must be set to true for root certificates, and cert sign must be in the list of requirements.
- CRL signing must be enabled.
- Enhanced Key Usage can be either empty or contain Server Authentication.
- No explicit limit to the length of the certificate chain. VMCA uses the OpenSSL default, which is 10 certificates.
- Certificates with wildcards or with more than one DNS name are not supported.
- You cannot create subsidiary CAs of VMCA. See the VMware knowledge base article at http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2112009, Creating a Microsoft Certificate Authority Template for SSL certificate creation in vSphere 6.0, for an example using Microsoft Certificate Authority.
vSphere Certificate Manager prompts you for information. The prompts depend on your environment and on the type of certificate that you want to replace.
For any CSR generation, you are prompted for the password of the [email protected] user, or for the administrator of the vCenter Single Sign-On domain that you are connecting to.
Procedure
- Run the vSphere Certificate Manager.
OS
Command Windows Linux /usr/lib/vmware-vmca/bin/certificate-manager
- Select Option 2. Initially, you use this option to generate the CSR, not to replace certificates.
- Supply the password and the Platform Services Controller IP address or host name if prompted.
- Select Option 1 to generate the CSR and answer the prompts. As part of the process, you have to provide a directory. Certificate Manager places the certificate to be signed ( *.csr file) and the corresponding key file ( *.key file) in the directory.
- Name the certificate signing request (CSR) root_signing_cert.csr.
- Send the CSR to your enterprise or external CA for signing and name the resulting signed certificate root_signing_cert.cer.
- In a text editor, combine the certificates as follows.
- Save the file as root_signing_chain.cer.
What to do next
Replace the existing root certificate with the chained root certificate. See Replace VMCA Root Certificate with Custom Signing Certificate and Replace All Certificates.
Overview
The following is an extremely simplified view of how SSL is implemented and what part the certificate plays in the entire process.
Normal web traffic is sent unencrypted over the Internet. That is, anyone with access to the right tools can snoop all of that traffic. Obviously, this can lead to problems, especially where security and privacy is necessary, such as in credit card data and bank transactions. The Secure Socket Layer is used to encrypt the data stream between the web server and the web client (the browser).
Ad Hell Error Generating Key Free
SSL makes use of what is known as asymmetric cryptography, commonly referred to as public key cryptography (PKI). With public key cryptography, two keys are created, one public, one private. Anything encrypted with either key can only be decrypted with its corresponding key. Thus if a message or data stream were encrypted with the server's private key, it can be decrypted only using its corresponding public key, ensuring that the data only could have come from the server.
If SSL utilizes public key cryptography to encrypt the data stream traveling over the Internet, why is a certificate necessary? The technical answer to that question is that a certificate is not really necessary - the data is secure and cannot easily be decrypted by a third party. However, certificates do serve a crucial role in the communication process. The certificate, signed by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA), ensures that the certificate holder is really who he claims to be. Without a trusted signed certificate, your data may be encrypted, however, the party you are communicating with may not be whom you think. Without certificates, impersonation attacks would be much more common.
Step 1: Generate a Private Key
The openssl toolkit is used to generate an RSA Private Key and CSR (Certificate Signing Request). It can also be used to generate self-signed certificates which can be used for testing purposes or internal usage.
The first step is to create your RSA Private Key. This key is a 1024 bit RSA key which is encrypted using Triple-DES and stored in a PEM format so that it is readable as ASCII text.
Step 2: Generate a CSR (Certificate Signing Request)
Once the private key is generated a Certificate Signing Request can be generated. The CSR is then used in one of two ways. Ideally, the CSR will be sent to a Certificate Authority, such as Thawte or Verisign who will verify the identity of the requestor and issue a signed certificate. The second option is to self-sign the CSR, which will be demonstrated in the next section.
During the generation of the CSR, you will be prompted for several pieces of information. These are the X.509 attributes of the certificate. One of the prompts will be for 'Common Name (e.g., YOUR name)'. It is important that this field be filled in with the fully qualified domain name of the server to be protected by SSL. If the website to be protected will be https://public.example.com, then enter public.example.com at this prompt. The command to generate the CSR is as follows:
Step 3: Remove Passphrase from Key
One unfortunate side-effect of the pass-phrased private key is that Apache will ask for the pass-phrase each time the web server is started. Obviously this is not necessarily convenient as someone will not always be around to type in the pass-phrase, such as after a reboot or crash. mod_ssl includes the ability to use an external program in place of the built-in pass-phrase dialog, however, this is not necessarily the most secure option either. It is possible to remove the Triple-DES encryption from the key, thereby no longer needing to type in a pass-phrase. If the private key is no longer encrypted, it is critical that this file only be readable by the root user! If your system is ever compromised and a third party obtains your unencrypted private key, the corresponding certificate will need to be revoked. With that being said, use the following command to remove the pass-phrase from the key:
The newly created server.key file has no more passphrase in it.
Step 4: Generating a Self-Signed Certificate
At this point you will need to generate a self-signed certificate because you either don't plan on having your certificate signed by a CA, or you wish to test your new SSL implementation while the CA is signing your certificate. This temporary certificate will generate an error in the client browser to the effect that the signing certificate authority is unknown and not trusted.
To generate a temporary certificate which is good for 365 days, issue the following command:
Step 5: Installing the Private Key and Certificate
When Apache with mod_ssl is installed, it creates several directories in the Apache config directory. Key points of generational wealth. The location of this directory will differ depending on how Apache was compiled.